Wild-harvested witch hazel ( Hamamelis virginiana) stem bark (1:5 extract) Ingredients Each 1.5 ml (38 drops) contains: Witch-Hazel SAP may be used internally or externally, as it does not contain isopropyl alcohol. In addition to its tannin content, witch hazel contains proanthocyanidins, resins, flavonoids, and small amounts of volatile oils. The tannins found in witch hazel are in the form of hamamelitannin, and give this plant its astringent properties that allow it to dry, tighten, and harden tissues. Many of witch hazel’s therapeutic properties may be attributed to its high tannin content, which is 31 times more abundant in the bark than the leaf extract. Witch hazel has been used in herbal medicine for pain relief, bruising, inflammation, diarrhea, and dysentery. Witch-Hazel SAP is sourced from certified organic bark of the Hamamelis virginiana species. Canadian Journal of Naturopathic Medicine.This will enhance and keep the shape well balanced. However, cut very strong side-shoots and badly placed branches back to two leaf buds from the main branch after flowering each year. As they grow, leave the best-placed shoots to extend the framework of branches upwards and sideways.Cut out the other stems, including the central stem, to make the Y-shape. To make this a neat Y-shape, neatly position two canes either side behind the branches to form the two arms of the Y.You want to create a Y-shape with the stems to begin with – a central stem at the base with two good stems tied in, one on either side.Attach horizontally-placed wires to a wall or fence, in layers roughly 30cm (1ft) apart.Any stumps left behind usually shoot again, so cutting them off carefully in the first place can save time in the future. Suckers can be recognised as they tend to hold on to their leaves longer in autumn. If you spot any suckers, trace them back to their point of origin and cut them off as cleanly and as close to the main stem as you can. Witch hazels are usually grafted onto the Hamamelis virginiana rootstock, which may send up suckers (shoots) from, or below, ground level. Unfortunately the plant may recover slowly and the rootstock can produce lots of suckers (shoots). It’s best to stage this pruning over two or three years. If you have a mature plant that has outgrown its allotted space, you can remove some old branches by cutting back to a healthy new shoot. This pruning will encourage new extension growth and also promote flower bud formation at the base of the new shoots.Leaf buds are longer and narrower than the more rounded flower buds, so try not to remove the flower buds in the process.After flowering, cut back the previous season’s growth to two leaf buds from the main stem.If you need to restrict the size of your witch hazel, the following steps will help. Simply remove any dead, damaged, congested, crossing or weak shoots. Witch hazel don’t need regular pruning – it’s best to let them grow freely. Malvern Autumn Show - 22–24 September 2023.RHS Garden Wisley Flower Show - 5–10 September 2023.RHS Garden Rosemoor Flower Show - 18–20 August 2023.RHS Garden Hyde Hall Flower Show - 2–6 August 2023. RHS Flower Show Tatton Park - 19–23 July 2023.RHS Hampton Court Palace Garden Festival - 4–9 July 2023.
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